PCR is a method of gene amplification. It is a better method than bacterial cloning because of its greater sensitivity, selectivity, and speed. Moreover, it does not require bacterial vectors and rapidly amplifies the chosen segment of DNA in the test tube without the need for living cells. PCR stands for polymerase chain reaction, which is a technique used to create millions of copies of DNA from a small quantity such as you might find in a few cells. This is accomplished by placing the DNA sample into a machine called a thermocycler along with enzymes, nucleotides, and other pieces of DNA, which initiate the production of millions of copies of the original sample in a few hours. After PCR, the amplified DNA is used in a process called gel electrophoresis. Gel electrophoresis utilizes electrical current to separate DNA fragments of different lengths on a gel. DNA fragments (naturally negatively charged) are attracted to the positive side of the electric field. The speed at which the DNA moves depends on the size and weight of the fragments. Thus, larger fragments do not tra......

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