Help, help, help, dear Jesus! Those nasty secular liberal humanists are making war on Christmas! These are the words of reporter Lee Salisbury, from www.dissidentvoice.org, and while this is a sarcastic statement, many Christians are saying it in all seriousness. They are talking about the ....

history of childhood and education in england
According to James et al (2001) new childhood studies (p4) view children and adolescents as a social category whose lives are on equal terms with all other social categories. This view is clearly in conjunction with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (Bainham, 2005) th....

A Brief Discussion of the History of Europe
The History of Europe describes the passage of time from humans inhabiting the European continent to the present day. The first evidence of people living in Europe dates back to 35,000 BC. Europe's ancient classical antiquity dates from Homer's Illiad in Ancient Greece of around 700 BC. The Roman Re....

A Knights Tale: A Freedom Within
A KNIGHTS TALE: A Freedom Within One might go beyond the realm of reality and visualize or imagine that freedom is a state whereby one is free from the control of fate or of necessity. For the less fanciful: freedom might be conceived as an exemption or release from slavery or imprisonment. Howev....

An End to the Atlantic Slave Trade
Rhodes 1 An End to the Atlantic Slave Trade The Atlantic Slave Trade represents the largest demographic passage of a people from one continent to another. From the 16th to the 19th centuries, European traders worked in partnership with coastal African chiefs exchanging manufactured goods for Afr....

Ancient Persian Empire
The earliest known record of the Persians comes from an Assyrian inscription from c. 844 BC that calls them the Parsu (Parsuash, Parsumash) and mentions them in the region of Lake Urmia alongside another group, the Madai (Medes). For the next two centuries, the Persians and Medes were at times tribu....

Ancient philosophers: Aristotle, Socates, Plato
Humanism Throughout history, people can notice as the generations go on, ideas are improved based on those who proceeded. Those before us set the basis, while we take those ideas and change them to fit out society. In philosophy, you can see a noticeable trend which dates back to BCE. Philosophers....

Antichrist
The antichrist is the chief opponent of Christ. The antichrist is expected to come at the end of the world to deceive and lead many followers of Christ astray. The first time that the term “antichrist” was applied was in John’s epistles. This was the first time the term had been ....

Aristotle
Assignment 4 Aristotle In order for me to better understand Aristotles difference between matter and form, I had to find out more about him and his thought process. I believe that Plato contributed abundantly to his mind set and process of thought. We have to realize that he spent some tw....

Art Museum Collection
Today we will be looking at six different museum pieces from: Piece one: Classical Greek; a visual art and music piece from Greek society. Piece two: Roman Empire (visual arts piece). Piece three: Islamic civilization architecture (a Mosque). Piece four: Early Chinese civilization visual art....

Australia's Unfair Legal System
In theory all jury systems (which have existed for almost 800 years) are fair and just. The jury system originated in England and has so far failed in cases (all too common) when defendants are wrongfully prosecuted or convicted of crimes which they did not commit. In societies without a jury system....

Beowulf - A Literary Analysis
Literary Analysis: Beowulf Hero or Heroic Actor Literary Analysis: Beowulf as a heroic actor With superhuman strength and tenacity unmatched by any man of his time, Beowulf may appear to some as a primeval super hero that would rival the modern day Superman. However, the distinct difference....

bernard shaw
George Bernard Shaw (1856-1950) was born in Dublin, the son of a civil servant. His education was irregular, due to his dislike of any organized training. After working in an estate agent's office for a while he moved to London as a young man (1876), where he established himself as a leading music a....

Black Death
The Black Death, or The Black Plague, was one of the most deadly pandemics in human history. The Black Death erupted in the Gobi Desert in the late 1320s.The total number deaths worldwide from the pandemic is estimated at 75 million people which was about two-thirds of Europe's population. It reache....

Black Death Plauge
You have just survived something that has overtaken the world around you and you look around in amazement. You see farmers hard at work and you notice the rags they used to wear are replaced by cotton shirts and pants. You walk into the market and see artisans struggling to sell to every buyer yell....

Cause and Effect: The Crusades
In the High Middle Ages of the year 1095, Seljuk Turks stormed into Baghdad taking Jerusalem with them. They ravaged the towns and conquered all of Asian Minor from the Byzantine Greeks. Christian lands were burned and pillaged by an accursed race. The Byzantine emperor was in a state of emergenc....

Censorship in the middle ages
Jean- Jacques Annauds adaptation of Umberto Ecos book Name of the Rose presents several religiously-based issues including the censorship of books. The censoring or banning of books is a practice which has taken place throughout history, albeit for political, moral, or religious reasons. The c....

changes throughout history
Audrey Mann MWF 2-2:50 Final Paper Yesterdays turned into today and today will turn into tomorrow. What we did then becomes the outcome of now and what we do now will be the outcome of tomorrow. Therefore the history of this world is not a story told in class but a dominoes reaction of events....

Cluniac Monasticism
Assess the strengths and weaknesses of Cluniac monasticism between the tenth and twelfth centuries. The nature of Cluny lay in the circumstances of its foundation. It was endowed with a measure of independence by its founder, Duke William, allowing the monks to elect their own abbot, placing the abb....

COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE A MODERN ORGANIZATIONAL CONCEPT
FREIE UNIVERSITÄT BERLIN Department of Business Administration and Economics Institute of Management Chair for Organization and Leadership COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE A MODERN ORGANIZATIONAL CONCEPT Seminar : Organizational Practices Supervisor : Registrati....

Compare the poems, To his coy mistress by Andrew Marvel and I wanna be yours by John Cooper Clarke
The poems To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvel and I wanna be yours by John Cooper Clarke are both persuasive love poems from different periods of time. To His Coy Mistress is a pre 1900 poem written in the 17th century. It is about sexual feelings and infatuation, based on the Italian t....

Consequences of the Black Death
"Neither physicians nor medicines were effective. Whether because these illnesses were previously unknown or because physicians had not previously studied them, there seemed to be no cure. There was such a fear that no one seemed to know what to do. When it took hold in a house it often happened tha....

Cosmetic Surgery
A nip here, a tuck there and now science is making it easier to change your appearance. Cosmetic surgery has grown more appealing for many people over the last couple of decades. Our favorite movie and rock stars have these procedures done all the time. Within the past year there have been severa....

Critical Review of Sources about the Black Death
By the mid-fourteenth century, the pandemic known as the Black Death had reached the shores of Italy and started to spread through Western Europe. Yercinia pestis is a bacterium that lives in rodents and is what caused the Black Plague. However, the knowledge of what caused the dismal symptoms....

Critically evaluate the medical model of mental disorder
In this essay Im going to examined medical model of mental disorders. I want to start my work form describing what is it the mental disorder. How the mentally ill people was treated in past, can we find any evidence for existing mental disorder i....

Crusader Castles: A Medieval Culmination
King Edward I of England made a number of military campaigns during his reign, in two of which he captured modern-day Wales. In order to hold his gains he built a series of castles, which are said to still be some of the world’s greatest strongholds. But, over 3500 kilometres away a period of ....

crusades
Crusades In the Middle Ages, Christians considered Palestine the Holy Land because it was where Jesus had lived and taught. The Arabs had conquered Palestine in the 600s. Most Arabs were Muslims, but they usually tolerated other religions. Jews and Christians who paid their taxes and observed other ....

Daily Life of a Knight
A knight was a noble person who was part of the lords force to keep the land safe from invaders and other problems. Not everyone could become a knight. Only the noble and wealthy could become one. Once a knight, you had to follow a code of honour and chivalry. If you were a noble, and you had a s....

Darwin (A painting of the man who gave us the pigment)
Darwin (A painting of the man that discovered the pigment) Spiraling back and forth from observation to generalization, the story of Darwin is a story of an inductive premises functioning in a deductive mind. From his grandfather Erasmus, to his years at Edinburgh and Cambridge, to his trip on th....

DBQ Essay: What were the major causes of the French Revolution? (Discuss three.)
The major cause of the French Revolution was the disputes between the different types of social classes in French society. The French Revolution of 1789-1799 was one of the most important events in the history of the world. The Revolution led to many changes in France, which at the time of the Revol....

Dental History
In the beginning there were dinosaurs. Then came the people. For as long as people have had teeth, there has always been someone trying to fix them. Thus the dentist was born! Dentistry has a long and distinguished, not to mention interesting history. Anyone interested in dentistry should know a b....

Dentistry
Dentistry I. Introduction Dentistry, practice of preventing and treating diseases of the teeth, gums, and tissues of the mouth. Unlike other human tissue, such as skin, that continuously grows and self-rejuvenates, dental structures generally cannot repair themselves and require regular car....

Dr Faustus - Ambition
Marlowes biographers often portray him as a dangerously overambitious individual. Explore ways this aspect of Marlowes personality is reflected in Dr. Faustus. Christopher Marlowe lived during the Renaissance period in 16th century England. Although this was a time of change, the Elizabethans still ....

Effect Of Postimpressionists On The Next Generation
Postimpressionism Postimpressionism was a movement in late-19th-century French painting that emphasized the artist's personal response to a subject. Postimpressionism takes its name from an art movement that immediately preceded it: Impressionism. But whereas impressionist painters concentrated ....

Effects of Technology
The technology which surrounds almost everyone in the modern society, affects both work and leisure activities. Technology contains information that many would rather it did not have. It influences minds in good and bad ways, and it allows people to share information which they would otherwise not b....

Eros
Many people dont know what or how people fall in love. The answer lies in Eros or Cupid, the god of love in Greek Mythology. Mythology is a group of stories that explain a natural phenomenon or something in life. The purpose of mythology is to state issues in life and to have a way ....

Evolution of Criminal Law: From the Common Law to Modern Statutes and the Model Penal Code
Introduction The history of Criminal Law in the United States does not begin as one might imagine with the creating of our Constitution, nor even with the Declaration of Independence that predated it by more than a decade. Nor indeed does that history begin in the colonial period. Our crim....

evolution of english literature
Literature is as diversified as the people who created it. Throughout history, literature has been a extraordinarily influential aspect of English life, just as English life has been extraordinarily influential on its literature. It has been the foundation of expression and communication from the ....

evolution of english literature
Literature is as diversified as the people who created it. Throughout history, literature has been a extraordinarily influential aspect of English life, just as English life has been extraordinarily influential on its literature. It has been the foundation of expression and communication from the ....

Feudalism
Feudalism Growing from the political disintegration from the west, but eventually turning into a building block of political centralization in the early middle ages, Feudalism is a modern word, and many depict it as a bad word or often misused in context pertaining to Middle Ages. Historians als....

Geoffrey Chaucer and the Canterbury Tales
Geoffrey Chaucer and The Canterbury Tales by Mª das Graças Borges The Middle English Period (1066-1485) England was invaded by the Normans in 1066 under the guidence of William I, the Conqueror. After the Norman conquest, England was divided into two societies and each one spoke its ow....

German and Italy United
By 1871 both the kingdom of Italy and the empire of Germany were united. Even though both countries used popular trends to that time, both liberalism and nationalism, the process unifying these two countries was very different. The Italian unification was the result of many nationalistic movem....

German History
A Consise History Of Germany IMPORTANT DATES AD 9 Germanic warriors decisively defeated Roman forces at the Battle of Teutoburg Forest. 486 The Frankish king Clovis overran the Roman province of Gaul. Clovis introduced features of Roman life into western Germany. 843 The Treaty of Verdun di....

god philosophy
Aquinas, Anselm, Paley and Kant all famous philosophers, have proven that god exists; yet people still question Gods existence. As Anselm said, We are like students who, unable to solve a mathematical problem, are given the answer to it and then discover they can reason out why that answer i....

Gothic Art
Between the fourteenth and the fifteenth centuries, Gothic art styles were separated into four different and distinct art styles. The four styles were Linear, Italo-Gothic, International Gothic, and Hispano-Flemish. The Linear style, which has certain affinities with the late Romanesque, lasted un....

Greek Cypriot Leaders
What is the Cyprus question? Let us hear the answer from the Greek Cypriot and Greek leaders themselves:"I have struggled for the union of Cyprus with Greece, and Enosis will always be my deep national aspiration as it is the aspiration of all Greek Cypriots. My national creed has never changed and ....

Gregorian Chant - A history
Musical Form Paper Chant, Gregorian Very few examples of music remain from the ancient civilizations that pre-date the fall of the Roman Empire in 476. However, much is preserved from the Middle Ages, a time period that ran from 476 to the beginning of the Renaissance in the fifteenth century....

High Middle Ages
The Roman Empire from its early days as a monarchy, through the Republic was enormous, fairly well run and administrated. The fall of Rome led to total disaster and had catastrophic effects through out Europe, which marked the starting point of the Middle Ages (400-1000). Period between ....

Historical Perspective of Nursing
Nursing is an essential part of society, out of which it has grown and with which it evolves. Nursing can be said to have always been directed to serving the health care needs of society. Nursing originated with the desire to keep people healthy, as well as to provide comfort, care, and assur....

Historical strides in punishment
Imagine for a moment being Robert-Francois Damiens, who in 1757 was executed for the attempted murder of King Louis XV. Mostly likely one would expect to be put to death by a quick beheading through the use of a gelatin or by the swing of an executioners sword. However, this was not the case. H....

History and Evolution of Banking
Banks have a long history, and have influenced economies and politics for centuries. A simple form of banking was practiced by the ancient temples of Egypt, Babylonia, and Greece, which loaned at high rates of interest the gold and silver deposited for safekeeping. Private banking existed by 600 B.C....

history of the hundred years war
The definition of the Golden Rule is that those with the gold make the rules. In other words, those with the gold have the power as well as those with the power have the gold. History books will discuss the general reasons for war such as freedom from adversity or freedom from religion. B....

HOW ARE FORM, STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE PRESENTED IN THE MILLERS TALE?
In Chaucers The Millers Tale, the three elements of form, structure and language are used in a specific way so that the overall situation becomes more realistic. The various literacy devices used to provide a tone more suited to the class and nature of the Millers character, whilst it is a....

How did the rise of nation states provide economic, political and social benefits?
During the Middle Ages the Roman Catholic Church held a lot of the authority and power. The European Renaissance however drastically changed that. Right before the Renaissance age was over the Reformation of Europe began which added to the rise of modern nation-states as well. The elimination of feu....

How does Arthur Miller show that dancing in the woods can lead to the deaths of innocent people?
In The Crucible, Miller shows that in the 17th century puritanical and theocratic society, mere 'dancing in the woods', by few young girls, had the power to cause paranoia, mass hysteria and moral degradation, and ultimately lead to the death of many innocent people in Salem, Massachusetts. In order....

how humanism shaped European society
The middle ages are characterized by an overwhelming amount of oppression over the citizens in Europe. Many citizens of a lower class in society were held back from doing what they wanted because people of a higher rank held them back. Peoples desires to do what they had longed for had brought ar....

How is love seen according to Sapphos Poems
How is love seen according to Sapphos Poems Sappho is a poet of ancient Greece that was born on the island of Lesbos. Its been understood that her date of birth as well as her death is unknown. Women on the island of Lesbos lived a luxury life. Their garment as well their surroundings were very....

How the Relationship between Christians and Muslims has changed over time
In his book titled The Cross and the Crescent, Richard Fletcher discusses the relationship between Christians and Muslims. The central focus of this paper will be on those relationships and how they proceeded to change over time. When the religion of Islam first started, it was a very new concept ....

HUmanism and Renaissance
The "Renaissance," or rather the rebirth of civilization, describes the intellectual and economic changes that occurred in Europe from the fourteenth through the sixteenth centuries. The Renaissance was not only a Middle of Age era of resurrecting the past, but a time when artistic, social, and pol....

Humanism in the Renaissance
The Renaissance was a major turning point in western intellectual and cultural tradition. Many of these changes were centered on the idea of humanism. Humanism is philosophy largely focusing on human interests. During this time period people started to become less "God centered" and more "human cent....

hundred years' war
Hundred Years' War 1. Historical Background and Causes of the Hundred Years' War Beginning in 1337 and ending in 1453, the Hundred Years' War is often considered as a war between England and France, but it was rather a French civil war in reality. At that time, many countries had their lands ....

Indroduction to Romantism
Romanticism: a movement affecting each art including literature in Europe (differences between Eastern and Western Europe) and America in the last two decades of the 18th century and in the first half of the 19th decade. High Romanticism: 1798 (Wordsworth and Coleridge, Lyrical Ballads) &#8211....

Influnce on christianity in europe
Christianity may not have been what it is today without people of high authority that believed in the Christian faith. Of the many influences there are contributing to the evolution of Christianity three man of command are prominent in the expansion of the Christian doctrine in Europe. Flavius V....

International trade assisted by the great discoveries
International trade assisted by the great discoveries There was always the possibility of making the voyage by sea. But the sea was very unpopular in the Middle Ages and for many very good reasons. In the first place, ships were very small. The vessels on which Magellan made his famous....

islam
Despite its huge following around the world and the growing Muslim communities in the United States, Islam is foreign to most Americans who are familiar with Christianity or Judaism. Because most Americans know little or nothing about Islam, they have many misconceptions about Muslim beliefs and rit....

islam and the west
In 1993, Islamic terrorists bombed the World Trade Center in New York City, killing 7 people and injuring more than 1,000. In 1995, 19 Americans were killed and 500 were injured when Islamic terrorists blew up American barracks in Saudi Arabia. Islamic terrorists bombed U.S. embassies in Kenya and T....

Italian City
The Renaissance was the period from 1350-1600. The Renaissance began first in the city-states of Italy for many reasons. Although most of Europe had become a big economic crisis during the late Middle Ages, Italy managed to avoid everything and their towns remained important centers of Mediterranean....

jewish places of worship
Over time the location and ways in which people of Jewish descent ritualize their religion has changed. If one reviews the history of the Jewish faith it is seen that these changes parallel many of the bigger events that occurred in the past. The most significant change in how the religion was wor....

Jews and Christians
While we speak about the tenuous relationship between Christians and Jews dating back to the time of Christ, the seeds for the schism within Judaism may have been planted more than 500 years prior. Jeremiah was one of a group of distinguished prophets whose works became part of the Old Testament can....

Julius Caesar
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE: THE AUTHOR AND HIS TIMES Julius Caesar is a play about a political assassination. The question it asks is: is it ever right to use force to remove a ruler from power? You, as readers, can answer that question in terms of your own experience in the last quarter of the....

Knowledge in Name of the Rose
Knowledge was one of the most powerful tools of the middle ages. It was highly valued by many kings and members of nobility, but the greatest procurer of knowledge through the middle ages was undoubtedly the church. Their motive for the capturing of wisdom was not for their own enrichment, but pre....

leonardo da vinci
A Renaissance Man can be defined as a man who has broad intellectual interests and is accomplished in areas of both the arts and the sciences. One of the most noted renaissance men is Leonardo da Vinci. He is best known for his masterpieces the Last Supper, Mona Lisa, and Madonna on the ....

machiavellis ideas
Theoretical Essay: Machiavellis ideas of power. Niccolo Machiavelli was an Italian political thinker and historical figure at the turning point of the Middle Ages and the Modern World. He composed many important writings such as The Prince, which talks of how to gain, maintain and centrali....

Magna Carta
Ahsennur Soysal Oct. 8, 2007 Middle Age Report English IV - Dr. Walsh The Magna Carta Introduction - Magna Carta Latin for Great Charter - Was one of the 1st legal documents in English history - Its a series of written promises between the king & his....

Mass Hysteria in The Crucible
Mass hysteria is a major reaction to the breakdown of a society. Mass hysteria is a condition in which large groups of people exhibit the same state of violent mental agitation. One example of mass hysteria can be found during the Middle Ages. 1347 through 1352 was a time of death and despair. The b....

Medieval Castles
In 1494 the armies of the French king, Charles VIII, invaded Italy to capture the kingdom of Naples. They swept through the country and bombarded and destroyed many castles. This invasion signaled the end of the castle as a stronghold of defense. For centuries it had been the dominant fortification ....

Michelangelo: A True Man of the Renaissance
The Renaissance was an era of time during which Europe transformed from the serious and harsh Middle Ages into a culture of prosperity and self-expression. The Renaissance began in Florence, Italy. The culture grew and grew and grew. It expanded into all of Europe. Soon everyone was under the ....

Middle Age Entertainers
Both entertainment and education have been integrals parts of the humanexperience since the beginnings of time. Many scholars insist that the twoinstitutions often serve jointly, with entertainers and entertainmentserving as a main source of education. There is little argument, then,that in addition....

middle ages
Middle Ages And Literature Middle Ages saw many developments and new trends, but none so plainly as the developments witnessed in the Language and Literature of that time. It began with the Norman Conquest: eloquent french words substituted for the harsh sax....

monosatic life
Monastic Life The Benedictine monasticism helped to form the Western cultural values. There were many reasons why Western cultural values were formed around monastic life. The main reasons were that the Catholic Church became a powerful part of the world and it became a big influence to its surro....

Music and Poetry
Poetry has always been an oral art form, going back in history to the time of Homer reading "The Odyssey." Poets, storytellers, and other troubadours would travel from town to town, reading their work and getting their poetry heard. This oral tradition sprang from necessity because it was not possib....

Music Education: A Ringing Endorsement
Music Education: A Ringing Endorsement Imagine, if you will, a world without music. A place where nobody sings in the shower, all radio is all talk all the time, and movies lack future-predicting music: no more of the Jaws theme music when a shark is in the water. Never again would anyone w....

Pope Gregory I
Gregory the First reigned from 590-604 and was named the fourth Doctor of the Church in the early Middle Ages. Gregory the great served as Pope during a difficult time. Barbarians, specifically the Lombards, had invaded Italy and asked for a huge ransom payment to leave. Other difficulties included....

Pope Urban II: A Call For Admonishment
In March 1095, envoys from the Byzantine emperor Alexius II addressed Pope Urban II at a church council at Piacenza, describing Constantinoples urgent need for soldiers to supplement his existing mercenaries and home guard in the fight against the Turks. The envoys words are not recorded, but....

Protestant Reformation
Introduction For most Europeans in the Middle Ages, the Roman Catholic Church was the center of life and the most unifying influence. The Protestant Reformation was the product of several key factors, and the many contributions of Martin Luther. Over the next fifty years Protestantism rise was ve....

Racism & Prejudice
Racism & Prejudice Racism and prejudice has been a problem in all countries for a long time. Whether it is against Whites, Hispanics, Blacks, or Asians, it always hurts whoever the action is getting directed to. Both racism and prejudice can be closely tied together. Racism reached its peak the e....

Raphaels School of Athens: A Piece that Illustrates the Renaissance
Talent is not the only attribute that distinguishes a painter from an artist. An artist understands the zeitgeist of an era; whereas, a painter relies more so upon intuition and estimation. As a result, the work of an artist can appeal to society as a whole and transcend the barriers of time. For ex....

Religion was Made for Man, Not Man for Religion: Religion in Machiavelli's Political Thought
Over the centuries, scholars have described Niccolò Machiavelli as a man of evil, immorality and atheism. Machiavelli examined the topic of religion from a purely secular perspective by removing the spiritual aspect and considering only the social and political effects of such an institution. His....

Renaissance
Provide a definition of the historical period scholars call the Renaissance and discuss its contribution to the rise of Capitalism in Western Europe. What contributions made by the following individuals characterize the nature of the Renaissance: Thomas Aquinas, Peter Abelard, Martin Luther....

Renaissance
"Renaissance," French for "rebirth," perfectly describes the intellectual and economic changes that occurred in Europe from the fourteenth through the sixteenth centuries. During the era known by this name, Europe emerged from the economic stagnation of the Middle Ages and experienced a time of fi....

Renaissance and Baroque
Renaissance and Baroque November 28, 2006 Renaissance and Reformation Renaissance ET Reforme is a bilingual, multidisciplinary journal devoted to what is currently called the early modern world. R&R was founded by Natalie Zemon Davis and others in 1964, and is sponsored by the Centre for Reforma....

Report on Pond & Waterfall Project
BUILDING A POND AND WATERFALL My Junior Project is on landscaping and constructing a pond and waterfall in the front yard of our home. The location of the pond used to have dying bushes that had to be cleared from the spot last year in order to carry out the project. The spot was a slightly slop....

Rip Van Winkle-a critical analysis
Rip Van Winkle by Washington Irving is one of the most famous and commonly read short stories of all times. It was originally published in a collection called The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon. However, the setting of the story takes place in a period when the ideology of "Art for Art sake&quo....

Roman Law
Thieu Nguyen Latin III Period 2 Research Topic : Penalties of Treason Greeks and Romans Treason, or traditio in Latin, is the general term for the offense of attempting by overt acts to overthrow the government of the state to which the offender owes allegiance or to kill or personally inju....

rome history
The Fall of the Roman Empire Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew around the city of Rome. It was founded on an Italian peninsular in 800 BC. The Roman civilization started off as a monarchy, then changed into a republic, then to a mighty empire. It was one of the most dominating empires i....

Sainte-Chapelle
The Sainte-Chapelle has been tokened as the gem of French Gothic architecture and a tiny jewel box by different writers. I became interested in this chapel after viewing pictures of its interior, mainly the thorn of crowns. The depth, beauty and all the hard work that must have gone into it to mak....

Shakespeare: Power of One
From the early 16th century to early 17th century, a cultural and artistic reformation was occurring, known as the Renaissance. Also referred to as the Elizabethan Era, this time period was noted for tearing away from the social and cultural trends of the Late Middle Ages. It was a time in which art....

Shakespeares sonnets
Introduction Shakespeare's sonnets are a collection of 154 poems that deal with such themes as love, beauty, and mortality. The Sonnets were written over a number of years, possibly beginning in the early 1590s. In a Shakesperean sonnet, poets often divide its 14 lines into 3 quatrains, followed....

Should we still read the Song of Roland today based on the values it presents?
Feudal Values and the Song of Roland The Song of Roland, written by an unknown poet around the beginning of the Crusades, is an epic whose plot focuses primarily on the battle between the rearguard of Charlemagnes French army and the Saracen Spanish army of King Marsile of Saragossa. Roland,....

Similarities Between European Feudalism in the Middle Ages and the Caste System of India
Similarities Between European Feudalism in the Middle Ages and the Caste System of India As like almost all societies throughout the ages, the stratification of feudalism during the middle ages in Europe, and the caste system in India are alike. They are in essence just that, stratifications of ....

Sir Gawain and The Green Knight
British Literature I In the Middle Ages a knight was expected not only to be a bold warrior in battle, exhibiting strength and skill, but to match his warrior strength with a virtuous heart that exuded a host of chivalric values. Although never put into a strict publicized list, these chivalr....

Slave Trade of the Eighteenth Century
The Slave Trade of the Eighteenth Century In 1807 the slave trade was abolished by the British Parliament. It became illegal to buy and sell slaves, but people could still own them. In 1833 Parliament finally abolished slavery itself, both in Britain and throughout the British Em....

Sophies World by Jostein Gaardner
In the book Sophies World, by Jostein Gaardner, the lives and works of many of the greatest philosophers of the world are discussed and taught to Sophie. Each of these philosophers ideas, works, and lifetimes are briefly discussed and examined. This novel about the history of philosophy teach....

sovereignty within marriage through the Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale
Smile, be obliging, agree with you husband, say yes to every single request he makes, never contradict his opinions, do his housework and do the most important thing to him: satisfy him sexually. But just rest a moment, close your eyes and think. Do not you feel this heat, this pressure in your body....

St. Thomas Aquinas political thought influenced by Aristotle?
QUESTION: To what extent was St. Thomas Aquinas political thought influenced by Aristotle? The Greek philosopher Aristotle (284 -322) was a student of Plato. In 335 BCE Aristotle formed his own school (known as the peripatetic school) of philosophy in Athens as cited by Heywood (1999).....

Sugar
Just a spoonful of sugar helps the medicine go down. Although a lot of people do not realize that every single gram of sugar decreases the healthiness of the product by a large percent. From the moment infants first taste lactose in the milk, humans seem to find sweetness alluring. The refined sucr....

Technical Violations and the Impact on Further Criminality Amongst Probationers
TECHNICAL VIOLATIONS AND THE IMPACT IT HAS ON FURTHER CRIMINALITY AMONGST PROBATIONERS Table of Contents Chapter Page ....

Technological Changes of the Past and Present
The technology which surrounds almost everyone in the modern society, affects both work and leisure activities. Technology contains information that many would rather it did not have. It influences minds in good and bad ways, and it allows people to share information which they would otherwise not b....

The Age of Reason
The Age of Reason was a period in time that took place from the Peace of Utrecht (1713), to the French Revolution of 1789. It was a period when reason basically replaced religion as the guiding principle in art, thought, and the governance of men. Unquestioned acceptance of the old order of society ....

The Balkans
The conflict in the Balkans is interesting because for years, reporters and politicians have touted it as being the result of ancient ethnic hatred but that isn’t the case. This class has taught me, if nothing else, that the people of this region lived together peacefully for centuries and an....

The Black Death
The great pandemic, later called the Black Death, began sometime around 1347. The pandemic swept Europe and England during 1348-1350. Although there were numerous plagues that hit Europe throughout the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, none hit nearly as hard as the Black Death. In this span of tw....

The British Isles in the Middle Ages
The issue of the multiple kingdoms, 1558-1642 The multiple kingdoms of England, Wales, Ireland and Scotland played a large part in events which took place during the period 1558-1642. Before this time, England had followed a policy which is known today as 'medieval imperialism', successfully conq....

The Enlightenment Was the Child of the Scientific Revolution
1. We have spoken about how the Enlightenment was the child of the Scientific Revolution. Do you agree with that statement? Why or why not? In other words, can the Scientific Revolution be said to have caused the Enlightenment? The Scientific Revolution was a time of much progress. M....

The Industrial Revolution
The nineteenth century was a time of great change and growth. The Industrial Revolution spread through the world rather slowly, but built our present day knowledge of technology, economics, and society. The sudden change of events in the mid-1700s affected the way of life forever, continuing in the ....

The Lever of Riches - Technological Creativity and Economic Progress
I am writing a book review of ¡°The Lever of Riches¡ªTechnological Creativity and Economic Progress¡±, which is written by Joel Mokyr. It was first published in 1990 by Oxford University Press, Inc. in New York. The cost of the book is U.S. $17.95. This is a book whose main topic is the....

The moors and their people
The Moors Moors and their culture have been and were the most influential group of people that have came through Europe. The moors had a Spain by bawls for around the range of seven hundred year span in which there were 4 different dynasties each with their own things that made them unique and lef....

the murder of thomas beckett
The Murder of Thomas Becket, 1170 A sword's crushing blow extinguished the life of Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, on a cold December evening as he struggled on the steps of his altar. The brutal event sent a tremor through Medieval Europe. Public opinion of the time and subsequent....

The Polish Language
The Polish language is an Indo-European language that belongs to the Western Slavonic group. Polish began to emerge around the 10th century. The process was largely started by the development of the new, independent Polish state. In the early Middle Ages the proto Slavonic tribes left their origi....

The Printing Press
Books were read by only a handful of people before the Middle Ages. Ancient texts dating back to Greek times were held in monasteries, where roomfuls of scribes sat laboriously copying them out by hand to keep them preserved. So of course everyone was waiting for the printing press. It arrived in th....

The Renassiance
The aftermath Justinians re-conquest of Italy in 533 left Italian cities largely depopulated, from around 500 to 1000 AD, Italy was mostly rural countryside with few, and thinly populated cities. Around the 12th century, urban living began to resurface, and by the 13th century some Italian cities....

The Rise of the Western World: A New Economic History-book review
I am writing a book review of ¡°The Rise of the Western World: A New Economic History¡±, which is written by Douglass C. North and Robert Paul Thomas. It was first published in 1973 by the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press, in New York. The price is 24.99 US dollars. This is an economi....

The Role of Women in the Canterbury Tales
The Role of Women in The Canterbury Tales Chaucer, in his female pilgrimage thought of women as having an evil-like quality that they always tempt and take from men. They were depicted as untrustworthy, selfish and vain and often like caricatures not like real people at all. Through the faults o....

The Strengths and Weaknesses of Cluniac Monasticism
Assess the strengths and weaknesses of Cluniac monasticism between the tenth and twelfth centuries. The nature of Cluny lay in the circumstances of it’s foundation. It was endowed with a measure of independence by it’s founder, Duke William, allowing the monks to elect their own abbo....

The unification of German & Italy
By 1871 both the kingdom of Italy and the empire of Germany were united. Even though both countries used popular trends to that time, both liberalism and nationalism, the process unifying these two countries was very different. The Italian unification was the result of many nationalistic movemen....

Thomas Merton
Three Areas of Thomas Merton Thomas Merton was a man who had bee converted from a dramatic life of artistic self-indulgence to an equally dramatic life of monastic silence and penance. Entering the Trappist Monastery he expected it to be a great world of silence. He found himself first writing bo....

Three Heirs of Rome
Rome fell in the Early Middle Ages after the death of western Rome's final Emperor, Romulus Augustulus in 476 AD, but this would not be the end. The demise of Rome had been a long time coming and the Roman Empire's breakup resulted in three related, but new societies as far as location, religion,....

To what extent is the Renaissance truly a departure from the past?
The Middle Ages was a time when the Church dominated the social, political, and economic aspects of everyday life. The daily lives of the people were heavily influenced by religious duties and survival. Most suffered from poverty and fell victim to the feudal system. The Great Schism, Hundred Ye....

Traffic development of the modern city centres
Traffic development of the modern city centres The Earths population in 2004 was more than six billion, and most of these people live in cities. Since the beginning of the 21st century, there are some cities with the population of 10 million people, or even above. Just for example, in Euro....

Vikings
The Vikings, or Norsemen, of Scandinavia, were the dominant rulers of the sea in Europe from about A.D. 800 to 1150, exploring the coastlines of Europe, the British Isles, and North Africa. Their advanced long ships, skilled seamanship, and raiding parties exerted Viking influence from Russia to....

Weapons of the Middle Age
The year is 1232. Somewhere in northern Europe, a Saxon castle isunder attack. In the fields for miles around, thousands of soldiers viciously fight.Metal strikes metal, arrows strike flesh, rock strikes rock. No matter how goodthese soldiers are, the battle will ultimately be decided by weapons.....

Weapons of the Middle Ages
Have you ever wondered what kinds of weapons were used in the middle ages? Or have you wondered how they used to slash and bash through the heavily armored knights while being attacked by flying arrows by the longbowman? Well here are the answersThere were a wide variety of weapons in the middle a....

What contribution has psychoanalytic theory made to our political understanding of racism?
There are two main themes, which we will explore in this essay, the first is the relationship between racism and psychoanalysis, and the second is the contribution of psychoanalytic thinking regarding the political understanding of this phenomenon. Before we continue, we have to note that racism is ....

what is peace
What is Peace? ________________________________________ Contents: Introduction - Peace is When You Have Peace - Art as a Generator of Peace - Make Love Not War - The Path of Nonviolence is the Path into the Public ________________________________________ - Introduction - War and violenc....

Who is to Blame for Stereotypes? and Salam Pax
The country of the United States has always been a country of immigrants and migrants. Immigrants have come from many lands and have experienced various degrees of success in adapting to life in the United States. And though the United States claims to be a country of freedom and liberty, its citi....

William the Conqueor
First England Then the World William the Conqueror lived an extraordinary life; over several years he overcame hardships many have only dreamt of, at the same time he fought battles against great opponents that would change the overall composition of England before dying and passing down his legacy....

witch hunts
n 1692 in Salem Village, Massachusetts several girls started to behave strangly. They would be in trances, they would have seizures, and they would scream. After this had gone on for a couple of days, it was diagnosed as witchcraft. The girls accused three women of hurting them. Soon, the panic and ....

PRIVACY | TERMS & CONDITIONS | MEMBER LOGIN | CUSTOMER SUPPORT